The potential for GNSS spoofing to compromise the safety of airline operations has prompted concern among pilots and aviation officials

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoofing poses a serious threat to the safety of commercial aviation, as clearly demonstrated by the information you have provided. As spoofing incidents increase, the need for robust alternative positioning, navigation, and timing (A-PNT) sources becomes especially pressing.

To address this challenge, a variety of complementary technologies are being developed and evaluated by industry and research organisations. These technologies include, but are not limited to:
Enhanced Loran Navigation System (eLoran): as a land-based tele-navigation technology, eLoran is complementary to satellite navigation systems and provides reliable navigation capabilities when GPS signals are jammed. eLoran's signal processing key technologies are being investigated to improve its performance and range of applications.

Visually assisted navigation: uses real-time camera feedback and compares it to map data to provide passive, non-interference-prone and highly accurate absolute position information. Honeywell has successfully demonstrated this technology on AW139 helicopters and E170 aircraft, achieving GPS-level navigation performance.

Celestial Aided Navigation: Provides a passive, non-jamming navigation solution by observing stars and resident space objects. This technology is capable of providing navigation performance with similar accuracy to GPS under unfavourable GPS conditions.

Magnetic disparity aided navigation: Accurately identifies position information by measuring the strength of the Earth's magnetic field and comparing it to a standard magnetic map. This passive, anti-jamming, all-weather navigation technology was demonstrated in the world's first real-time Magnetic Difference Assisted Navigation.

Performance-based navigation (PBN): PBN is critical to modern aviation, improving efficiency and agility. However, it relies heavily on global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and is therefore susceptible to interference. As a result, there is an increasing demand for CPNT services.

Integrated PNT system: the integrated positioning, navigation and timing system is an important support for the development of China's digital economic and social operation. Comprehensive PNT application service with BeiDou 3 as the core is the focus of China's future development of technology and industry in the field of spatial and temporal information. The concept of ‘on-demand flexible and scalable integrated PNT application service system’ is proposed, and the integrated PNT application service technology route is designed.

Multi-source PNT sensor integration technology: The information source of integrated PNT system must be ‘multi-source information based on different physical principles’. User terminals or sensors must be ‘deeply integrated and low-power’.

In addition, Septentrio offers a powerful solution in the form of the Septentrio M3 Pro+ GNSS board, a tri-band, multi-constellation GNSS receiver board that combines more than two decades of Septentrio innovations to provide top-level positional performance and can be used as a base station or mobile station receiver. In dual antenna mode, it provides heading and pitch or heading and roll information in addition to reliable and accurate positioning information.The AsteRx-m3 Pro+ incorporates Septentrio's AIM+ advanced anti-jamming and spoofing monitoring technology, featuring an in-built RF sampling system, anti-jamming mechanism, and an anti-spoofing system to resist GNSS jamming signals radiated from automated equipment or electronic devices. GNSS interference signals radiated from automated equipment or electronic devices, ensuring robust and continuous receiver operation. It also features industry-leading ultra-low RTK positioning power consumption and a 100Hz data update rate, providing excellent SWaP (size, weight and power) characteristics.

The integration and application of these technologies will help improve the resilience and safety of aviation navigation, reduce reliance on a single navigation system, and ensure that aircraft can still navigate safely and accurately when GNSS signals are interfered with or spoofed. As technology continues to advance and international cooperation intensifies, it is expected that more solutions will be developed in the future to address the challenges posed by GNSS spoofing.